How is a molecular polymorphism defined?

How is the Reionization Epoch Defined ?

We study the effect of a prolonged epoch of reionization on the angular power spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background. Typically reionization studies assume a sudden phase transition, with the intergalactic gas moving from a fully neutral to a fully ionized state at a fixed redshift. Such models are at odds, however, with detailed investigations of reionization, which favor a more extended ...

How Effective is Clinical Supervision in Nursing? A Systematic Review

Background: Clinical supervision is a process of learning and professional support for nurses in developing their practice through regular discussions with experienced and knowledgeable colleagues. However, it remains challenging to ensure the effectiveness of its implementation across healthcare organizations. This review is going to answer the question: What effect does clinical supervision h...

How accurate is molecular dynamics?

Born-Oppenheimer dynamics is shown to provide an accurate approximation of time-independent Schrödinger observables for a molecular system with an electron spectral gap, in the limit of large ratio of nuclei and electron masses, without assuming that the nuclei are localized to vanishing domains. The derivation, based on a Hamiltonian system interpretation of the Schrödinger equation and stabil...

How is risk defined in high-risk surgical patient management?

The definition of risk in surgical patients is a complex and controversial area. Generally risk is poorly understood and depends on past individual and professional perception, and societal norms. In medical use the situation is further complicated by practical considerations of the ease with which risk can be measured; and this seems to have driven much risk assessment work, with a focus on ob...

How is the Mother Tongue Acquired